Introduction
Any work with people is inextricably linked to the process and communication difficulties; it permeates healthcare workers’ professional activity at any level. Nurses play a crucial role in communicating with the patient and determining plans of care to address wellness problems at various levels. In this paper, a hypothetical health promotion plan was developed for adolescents facing early pregnancy. This social group was studied in detail, the problem and risks were analyzed, and various strategies to improve the situation were suggested to explore the topic deeper.
Relevance and Numbers
The problem of early pregnancy is relevant because, in the current socio-economic conditions of the country, the number of early pregnancies and births in adolescents is increasing every year. Approximately 21 million pregnancies occur each year in developing countries among girls aged 15-19, and about 12 million of these ends in childbirth (Darroch, 2018). At least 777,000 births in developing countries are reported among adolescent girls under 15 (Woog & Kågesten, 2017). Teenage pregnancy is a global problem that affects high-, middle- and low-income countries.
Characteristics of the Considered Group
Young girls who find themselves alone with their problem are characterized by a stable negative emotional state, mental anguish, or unwillingness to have a baby. On the eve of birth, they are unaware of the basic features of their child’s development and their role in care and communication (Corcoran. 2016). The anxiety associated with pregnancy also exacerbates relationships with parents, who often accept repression of their child and arrange family scandals. The young father, who cannot take on such a burden of responsibility, is not in the best position either. In most cases, he is not ready to help the mother: neither materially nor morally.
Problem Analysis
Teenagers who would like to avoid pregnancy may be unable to do so due to a lack of knowledge and misconceptions about where they can get contraception and how to use it. Furthermore, they face barriers in accessing them, including restrictive laws and policies regarding the provision of contraception based on age or marital status (Brindis, 2017). In addition, adolescents may not have the capacity or discretion to ensure correct and consistent contraceptive use. For this reason, the public health issue is essential in promoting the health of this population. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out substantial preventive, informational, and educational work among adolescents to stop such a negative phenomenon as early motherhood.
Risks
Protecting the population’s reproductive health, especially adolescents and young people, is of medical and social importance to the world community under current conditions. This importance is because they are the closest intellectual, economic, social, political, and cultural reserve. Children born to adolescent parents have a high level of risk of problems, both at birth and in later life (Mann et al., 2020). Immature parents with children have a lower probability of settling down safely in their future lives. Ending teen pregnancies with abortions also has its risks, including reduced fertility into adulthood. Sexual education can help avoid the problems associated with teen pregnancy. It is a significant factor that will help improve young people’s health and prevent potential dangers.
Strategies and Collaboration with Participants
There are several strategies to consider to ensure a safe pregnancy. The first is to increase access to educational programs, which will help get the necessary knowledge. Second, provide full access to all medical services and counseling and conduct appropriate lectures among health workers on loyalty to this social group. Often there is a biased attitude of medical staff and reluctance to recognize the sexual wellness needs of adolescents. The third aspect is the possibility of receiving confidential medical care without parental consent. It will help to increase the number of referrals of adolescents to specialized institutions, increase trust in the industry, reduce uncertainty in the analysis of the problem. Finally, it is necessary to place clear and competent information on the Internet. Medical institutions should make sure that data on further actions in teenage pregnancy is available on their websites. These strategies should be implemented and established only in coordination with the social group in question. The surest way to learn about the needs of individuals in teen pregnancy is to ask them directly. Building a dialogue between the well-being field and young parents is a fundamental element in setting goals for health promotion.
Sociogram
A significant consideration in planning strategies is the development of a sociogram. The sociogram helps the health care providers better understand the various factors and allows them to see the social connections between people and other participants (Tubaro et al., 2016). In adolescent pregnancy, it is essential to conduct such a study within young parents’ families and include all immediate members who have contact with adolescents and psychologically influence them. In addition, it is necessary to consider possible economic, cultural, and genetic behavioral patterns, as they can affect both the mental and the physical health of the teenager. This approach will enable a more in-depth and qualitative description of representations of group phenomena and an analysis of internal influences on the individuals being studied. Thus, all the health plan methods and strategies should improve the overall situation and meet individual and group needs.
Conclusion
The need for the prevention of early pregnancy in adolescents is now a pressing issue. Correctly explained information and trust and openness between parents, doctors, and adolescents would help avoid complex health problems with early pregnancy. In addition, if adolescents do not lack information in this area, they will not look for questionably safe ways to get rid of the pregnancy. Thus, developing various health improvement and education plans will help find new solutions and improve globally.
References
Brindis, C. D. (2017). Advancing the field of teenage pregnancy prevention through community-wide pregnancy prevention initiatives. Journal of Adolescent Health, 60(3), S1-S2.
Corcoran, J. (2016). Teenage pregnancy and mental health. Societies, 6(3), 21. Web.
Darroch, J. E., Audam, S., & Woog, V. (2018). Adding It Up: Costs and Benefits of Meeting the Contraceptive Needs of Adolescents. Supplementary Data Tables.
Mann, L., Bateson, D., & Black, K. I. (2020). Teenage pregnancy. Australian Journal of General Practice, 49(6), 310.
Tubaro, P., Ryan, L., & D’angelo, A. (2016). The visual sociogram in qualitative and mixed-methods research. Sociological Research Online, 21(2), 180-197. Web.
Woog, V., & Kågesten, A. (2017). The sexual and reproductive health needs of very young adolescents aged 10–14 in developing countries: what does the evidence show. New York: Guttmacher Institute.